UN: China Urges Stronger Mining Cooperation to Tackle Conflict in Great Lakes

New York, April 18, 2026 - China has called for enhanced cooperation in the mining sector and stronger action against illegal exploitation and smuggling of natural resources in the Great Lakes region, warning that these dynamics continue to fuel instability, particularly in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Speaking at a United Nations Security Council session on April 15, Ambassador Sun Lei, Chargé d’Affaires of China’s Permanent Mission to the UN, stressed that security efforts alone are insufficient to address the root causes of conflict in the region. He noted that persistent unrest is closely linked to governance challenges and underdevelopment, with natural resources often contributing to cycles of violence rather than economic progress. According to the Chinese diplomat, illegal mining activities and their connection to armed groups remain a central driver of insecurity. China called on the international community to support countries in the region in strengthening transparent and mutually beneficial cooperation in the exploitation of mineral resources, while dismantling illicit mining and smuggling networks. The ambassador also emphasized the need for a long-term development-oriented approach, arguing that improving governance and economic opportunities is essential to achieving lasting stability. Reaffirming China’s engagement in Africa, he highlighted ongoing cooperation in infrastructure, industrialization, and resource development, as well as a planned zero-tariff policy for dozens of African countries aimed at boosting trade and economic growth. The appeal comes amid a deteriorating security and humanitarian situation in eastern DRC, where clashes involving the AFC/M23 rebellion and other armed groups continue to drive mass displacement and deepen food insecurity across the region. Tensions between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda also remain high, with both sides exchanging accusations over support to armed groups and involvement in the exploitation of natural resources, further complicating efforts toward regional stabilization.