Rwandan Parliament Calls for Stronger Measures Against Illegal Mining

Kigali, 13 March 2026 - The House of Representatives has urged authorities to address illegal mining in a lasting and comprehensive manner, citing its growing threat to public safety and the environment. The issue was raised during the presentation of an analytical report by the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Security, which highlighted theft and illegal mining as key security challenges. Deputy Tumukunde Hope Gasatura, Chairperson of the Committee, revealed that between 2020 and 2025, 1,335 cases of illegal mining were reported. Miners have been found operating in people’s fields, rivers, state forests, abandoned mines, and old mine sites, causing environmental damage and loss of property. He identified several causes of illegal mining, including: Growth of the mineral market and fraudulent traders Residents with traditional knowledge of mineral locations Mining in licensed areas without authorization Unprotected abandoned or old mines Youth dropping out of school and joining illegal mining due to financial incentives Insufficient security personnel by mining companies Minerals found in private fields and homes Unauthorized local leaders or former workers exploiting mines Lack of compliance with labor management and monitoring systems Gasatura also noted that there are currently 994 unregulated mines across the country, posing risks of accidents, injuries, and deaths. Deputy Niyorurema Jean Rene recommended the expedited cancellation of mining permits to curb illegal operations. Deputy Uwamahoro raised concerns about markets buying illegally mined minerals, calling for proper monitoring of the chain of custody. MP Mukabunani Christine proposed the creation of a mining sector unit within the Private Sector Union to strengthen oversight, while MP Kanyandekwe Christine emphasized balancing worker health and safety in legally operating mines. The Parliament has requested the Ministry of Local Government to present strategies to improve the Mining Task Force, and asked the Rwanda Development Board (RDB) to: Expedite issuance of mining licenses Improve monitoring of RMB contracts with companies Prevent use of unethical subcontractors Leverage the Inkomane system to track mining activities The parliamentary push reflects a growing effort to curb illegal mining, protect communities, and ensure the responsible development of Rwanda’s mineral resources.